This is the story about the chola dynasty which is believed to have originated from the fertile valley of the river kaveri. The earliest datable references to this tamil dynasty. The master craftsmen of the chola dynasty, who were devout shaivites, created masterpieces in sculpture to adorn the temple walls of brihadisvara, gangaikondacholapuram and darasuram. A chola king, known as elara, conquered sri lanka and ruled over it for about 50 years during the middle of the 2 nd century b. Finial the finial in pallava dynasy was a little swelling in the top of the vimana. This coin is a genuine antiquity minted during the dynasty of the chola monarchs in southern india and ceylon.
Chola empire dynasties of ancient india history for kids. Chola dynasty was a tamil dynasty which was one of the longestruling dynasties in southern india. The temples build during this dynasty are one of the finest art. Chola dynasty pallavas 600900 ad cholas 9001150 ad the chola dynasty was one of the longest ruling dynasties in the history of southern india. The dynasty originated in the fertile valley of the kaveri river, and spread along the coromandel coast and to sri lanka. The rise of the cholas by the end of the 9th century ad, the cholas had defeated the pallavas and the. The dynasty originated in the fertile valley of the kaveri river. The earliest datable references tae this tamil dynasty are in inscriptions frae the 3rd century bce left bi ashoka, o the maurya empire.
Cholas, pandyas, and imperial temple culture easaa. He was an efficient ruler, a great warrior and a great enthusiast of architecture. Completed between early 11th and the 12th century ce, the monuments include the brihadisvara temple at thanjavur, the temple of gangaikonda cholapuram and the airavatesvara temple at darasuram. The gallery has images of shaivite iconography from the great chola temples. Most of the present southern states were united as one state and was ruled by the cholas between 9071215 ad chola dynasty is famous for its art and architecture. The chola dynasty a dravidian tamil dynasty that ruled primarily on the southern indian subcontinent from the 4th century bce to the th century ce. The heartland of the cholas was the fertile valley of the kaveri river, but they ruled a significantly. The metropolitan museums shiva nataraja was made some time in the eleventh century during the chola dynasty 9thth centuries c. Chola dynasty article about chola dynasty by the free. Karikala chola was the most famous among the early chola kings, while rajaraja chola, rajendra chola and kulothunga chola i were famous emperors of the. Instead of handing over his conquest to his pallava master, vijayalaya crowned himself the king of thanjavur and established there the famous chola dynasty. The connection of the cholas with the uraiyur family was through legendary king karikan. Chola dynasty, south indian tamil rulers of unknown antiquity, antedating the early sangam poems c. The later chola dynasty ruled the chola empire from 1070 c.
Middle chola temples rajaraja i to kulottunga i ignca. By second century of the christian era, a chola king named karikalan rose to fame as a powerful ruler. The chola navy comprised the naval forces of the chola empire along. Pdf excellence of cholas navy find, read and cite all the research. Aditya helped his overlord the pallava king aparajita against the pandyas but soon defeated him and annexed the whole of the pallava kingdom. Archaeological sources of the chola dynasty get the answers you need, now. The dynasty originated in the rich kaveri cauvery river valley. The earliest datable references to this tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century bc left by asoka, of maurya empire. The earliest datable references to the chola are in inscriptions from the 3rd century bce left by ashoka, of the maurya empire ashoka major rock edict no. However rajaraja chola i patronised buddhists, and did provide the requirements for the construction of buddhist monastery in nagapattinam.
May 07, 20 this is the story about the chola dynasty which is believed to have originated from the fertile valley of the river kaveri. List of historical fiction about cholas score a books total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book. Rajaraja i reigned 9851014, an able administrator, protected vengi the godavari districts and occupied the gangavadi territory in presentday karnataka state, annihilating the western gangas. It is believed that many southern royal families claimed their origin from the cholas. Karikala was a famous chola king of the early time. But in chola dynasty it became beautiful vase with artistic design. The cholas figure prominently in the preclassical tamil literature of the sangam. After sangam, the chola became feaudatories of uraiyur. Jun 21, 2018 the chola dynasty was a dynasty that ruled over the southern part of india for about 400 years. Media in category art of the chola dynasty the following 14 files are in this category, out of 14 total. Rulers of chola dynasty in the 7th century, a chola kingdom thrived in andhra pradesh. Aug 09, 2016 the chola dynasty was one of the longestruling dynasties in the history of southern india. The chola dynasty was a tamil dynasty that ruled in southern india until the th century. A commonly held view is that chola is, like chera and pandya, the name of the ruling family.
Rajendra chola i biography childhood, life achievements. Chola dynasty had enriched the tamil literature, art and architecture like no other dynasties. By the turn of the 8th century, there were three prominent kingdoms of. The chola dynasty was a dynasty that ruled over the southern part of india for about 400 years. For lovers of tamil art, architecture, music, dance, poetry history. Chola dynasty is a post mauryan dynasty formed in 3 century bce.
These later cholas are termed as imperial cholas because they excercised ocntrol over sri lanka and malay peninsula. The bhakti period, starting in the 14 th century, saw the rise of temples built for principal gods and a decline in jainism and buddhism. Chola cola empire mahalakshmi major reference works. Chola architecture 900 1150 ad prepared by roopa chikkalgi. Nobody knows exactly when the first chola kings took power in the southern point of india, but certainly, the chola dynasty was established by the third century bce, because they are mentioned in one of ashoka the greats stelae. Bronze coins of this type were struck during the cholas golden age during the mid10th through 11th centuries a. The author attempts to give us an integrated view of chola art, including descriptions of the major personalities involved. Ancient indian history chola dynasty tutorialspoint.
Uraiyur now tiruchchirappalli was its oldest capital. The book is not meant to be a work of reference, but rather an introduction to chola art. The chola king rajaraja i, who ruled from 9851014, occupied the territory of gangavadi, which is presently known as the karnataka state and under his rule. He had defeated the joint forces of chera and pandya kings and. It can be conclude that shaivism was the most popular faith practiced during their rule. Although there were some ups and downs, including a time when chola princesses were the only ones able to keep the dynastys prestige afloat, the empire had a major impact on politics, arts, literature, philosophy, and architecture in ancient india. But in chola dynasty they became enlarged with high enclosure walls. Chola dynasty was the most powerful dynasty of ancient india.
The rise of the cholas by the end of the 9th century ad, the cholas had defeated the pallavas and the pandyas and become the most powerful kings in south india. Abstract the chola empire was established in south india in the 9th century and flourished for almost 400 years. The temple of gangaikondacholisvaram and the airavatesvara temple at darasuram were declared world heritage sites by the unesco. The chola dynasty was a tamil dynasty that flourished from the 9 th century through the th century.
Rajendra chola i was one of the greatest emperors of the chola dynasty. Between the eighth and the thirteenth centuries, the chola dynasty was the dominant cultural, artistic, religious and political force in southern india. By 996 he had conquered kerala the chera country and acquired northern sri lanka. The chola dynasty was an empire in the south india of tamil rulers. The kingship was the most powerful element of the chola administration.
He expanded the chola empire from where his father rajaraja chola had left. Rajaraja chola i and rajendra chola i were the greatest rulers of the chola dynasty, extending it beyond the traditional limits of a tamil kingdom. King sibhi or sembiyan is first person from solar dynasty rule south india tamilnadu. Unlike the experiences of previous cultures, these coins were popular for smaller transactions among the cholas. The chola dynasty was one of the longestruling dynasties in the history of southern india. Outstanding workmanship of chola dynasty builders of south india. Not only did the cholas outlast ashokas mauryan empire, they continued to rule until 1279 cemore than 1,500 years. The chola dynasty was a tamil dynasty of southern india, one of the longest ruling dynasties in.
The legendary king karikan was the common ancestor through whom. At its peak, the chola empire stretched from the island of sri lanka in the south to the godavari krishna river basin in the north, up to the konkan coast in bhatkal, the entire malabar coast in. Apart from reaching northwards to river ganges and moving overseas to maldives and sri lanka, he also invaded the southeast asian territories of srivijaya in malaysia, indonesia and southern thailand. The most commonly held view is that this is, like cheras and pandyas, the. Chola dynasty ias abhiyan ii ias upsc exam preparation. You will be redirected to the full text document in the repository in a few seconds, if not click here. Chola dynasty was one of the biggest dynasty that ruled south india for a very long period from early 9 th century to late th century.
The founder of the chola empire was vijayalaya, who was first feudatory of the pallavas of kanchi. They utilised the wealth earned through their extensive conquests in building longlasting stone temples and exquisite bronze sculptures, in an almost exclusively hindu cultural setting. Shiva nataraja india introduction to art concepts, sac. Chola dynasty the most successful of the royal houses of southern india, the cholas were first mentioned in the rock inscriptions of the mauryan emperor ashoka in the middle of the third century b. This dynasty was one of the best in the during the sangam period. Another renowned ruler of the chola empire was raja raja chola i or rajaraja chola i, who ascended the throne in 985 and ruled until 1014.
The dynasty came from the fertile valley of the kaveri river. Karikala chola was the most famous among the early chola kings, while rajaraja chola, rajendra chola and kulothunga. This dynasty was the product of decades of alliances based on marriages between the cholas and the eastern chalukyas based in vengi and produced some of the greatest chola emperors such as kulothunga chola i 10701120 c. This era is frequently referred to as the chola period, after the dynasty that ruled from. As ane o the three crouned keengs o tamilakam, the dynasty continued tae govren ower varyin territory till the t. He established a temple of goddess nishumbhasudini durga there. Not only does the hindu temple bring communities together with religion, but it also has social, economic. Chola domain was known as tondiamandalam or cholamandalam, with the capital at uraiyur in tiruchirapalli district and subsequently at kaveripattan or purhar, founded by the chola king karikala190 a.
History, rules and life the cholas were an ancient race. Apart from the discussed features, chola temples had a beautiful shikara stone at the. The chola dynasty wis ane o the langestrulin dynasties in the history o soothren indie. Raja raja cholan the great south indian tamil king part 1. The chola rulers established a sound administrative system along with their wars and expeditions. The earliest datable references to this tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century bce left. The chola dynasty was a tamil dynasty of southern india, one of the longestruling dynasties in. One of the longest lasting empires of south india, the chola dynasty heralded a golden age of exploration, trade, and artistic development. The chola dynasty was a tamil dynasty of southern india, one of the longestruling dynasties in the worlds history. The bronze representations of shiva and other hindu gods are the most spectacular objects that they created. The great living chola temples is a unesco world heritage site designation for a group of chola dynasty era hindu temples in the indian state of tamil nadu.
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